Fragen über die Beispielsätze mit, und die Definition und Benutzung von "Changes"

A: further has to do with the perspective of the speaker. Further would be far away but still in proximity to something.

A: There were changes in how people lived because of the hours they worked for their jobs in tourism

A: In general, both of these phrases "have been V-ing" and "have V-ed" can be used interchangeably, there is virtually no difference in meaning. The only difference here is the grammar and how the grammar shapes the sentence or phrase.

But it can also be said that the difference lis that "(have) been V-ing" focuses more on the verb, the action. While "have V-ed" focuses more on the result of the action. For example, in "The changes that have helped me come this far", "help" is past tense, so the "help" the changes did have finished, and now you have "come this far". While in "The changes that have been helping me come this far", the changes (although they are also in the past and finished) played a very active role, so it's not the result that is the focus, but it is the things that happened (changes that have been helping) that are the focus.

In my opinion, this is just another quirk of English. English is very 'time' specific and that also effects the way verbs work, whether it be "have been V-ing" or "have V-ed". In most, if not all, cases using either is okay, and I think most native speakers would not care about which one is used.

A: May not be applied = can not be applied
Might not be applied= they could be applied, 50% chance. I think you want “may not”

Our policy says Changes may not be applied after you email the report.

There’s a small chance Changes might be applied If you switch file formats from .docx to .pdf.

A: they are both correct.
Immediately means instantaneously, meaning directly after something else with no interval of time
Overnight, in this case, means in a short span of time, such as a day. You know the expression "Moscow wasn't built in a day," or as we would say, "Rome wasn't built in a day." Overnight has this sense more, that it can't happen in the span of a single day.

A: Don’t change mate, you are handsome as you are

A: × Changes and developments are occured in one's limitations.
✓ You can say "As a person develops over time , their limitations change".

A: I guess it would be better if you add the article "the" before "changes".

A: I'd say "Changes in" rather than "changes of"
And perhaps "causes" instead of "cause a"

A: Changes to the original design were requested by the client, and the team had to modify the blueprints.