Was bedeutet melt it over hot water ?

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As you said, there is a difference between "melting something over water" and "melting something in water" although in the latter case, it would be better style to say "dissolving something in water". Because "to melt" means "to go from solid to liquid" . If you compare heating sugar in a pan, it changes from white crystals to a sticky liquid and as it gets hotter, it cooks and turns brown and eventually black. On the other hand, if you put sugar in your tea or coffee, it does not "melt" , it dissolves.

To "melt something over hot water" would almost always be referring to a cooking process - especially melting chocolate. It is far more gentle for steam to provide the heat, than it would be to heat the chocolate in a pan directly over the gas flame or electric ring. Furthermore, you wouldn't melt chocolate "in water" as that just would not work (although I appreciate that this is a linguistic question and not a culinary one!!). To melt something "over" water is exactly what it says - literally the bowl or other container with the thing to be melted (let's stay with chocolate as our example) is positioned over a pan of very gently boiling water. It is also implied that the bottom of the bowl should not touch the surface of the water - only steam should be in touch with the bowl - furthermore, both water and steam are kept separate from the chocolate.