Was ist der Unterschied zwischen gonna go to the groceries und gonna go to the supermarket ?Du kannst auch einfach Beispielsätze geben.

There is not a native speaker of English anywhere that would say "I am gonna go to the groceries."

Groceries is a plural object, therefore it can not use the definite article "the" and can not be used as a destination (going).

However, it can be rephrased to "I am going to get groceries," which is actually a quite common phrase in the south and in the mid-west.

I am going to the grocery store = Common every day phrase
I am going to get groceries = Common every day phrase
I am going to the supermarket = Common every day phrase.

The first two however, imply that you are getting food because the everyday grocery store is intended as a means of selling food.

The last sentence with supermarket can imply groceries but it could also imply a entire list of other stuff, maybe you are getting clothes as well as food, maybe you are getting towels or pillows.

Grocery store = (Implies ) Food usually
Supermarket = (Implies) Food / everyday house hold items
Store = (Implies) Anything